最近阅读了Redis6.2源码，添加了一些注释，感兴趣的同学可以看下。
https://github.com/neohope/NeoRedisSrc
Category Archives: C
编译Wkhtmltopdf
1、首先下载源码
git clone https://github.com/wkhtmltopdf/wkhtmltopdf.git D:\GitHub\wkhtmltopdf git clone https://github.com/wkhtmltopdf/qt.git D:\GitHub\wkhtmltopdf\qt
2、安装下面几个软件
VS2013
Python2.7
ActivePerl
NSIS
3、初始化环境变量
set GIT_HOME=C:\Program Files\Git set NSIS_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\NSIS set PYTHON_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\Python27_x86 set PERL_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\Perl set PATH=%GIT_HOME%\bin;%PYTHON_HOME%;%PERL_HOME%\bin;%NSIS_HOME%;%PATH% @call C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat x86
4、编译
python scripts\build.py msvc2013-win32
PS：
如果编译失败，一般是由于依赖包的网站无法方位导致的，你懂的。
这个时候，打开build.py文件，找到DEPENDENT_LIBS，自备梯子，下载后直接放到static-build路径下就好了。
posix_memalign函数在Windows下的实现
posix_memalign函数主要用于申请内存时，做内存对齐使用，Windows下对应的函数为_aligned_malloc，但两者的参数有一定区别：
int posix_memalign(void **memptr, size_t alignment, size_t size); void * _aligned_malloc(size_t size, size_t alignment);
从stackoverflow上，找到了两种实现方式，对于第一种，我只能说，佩服佩服。
1、最简练的实现方式
#define posix_memalign(p, a, s) (((*(p)) = _aligned_malloc((s), (a))), *(p) ?0 :errno)
2、比较稳妥的实现方式
#ifdef _WIN32
static int check_align(size_t align)
{
for (size_t i = sizeof(void *); i != 0; i *= 2)
if (align == i)
return 0;
return EINVAL;
}
int posix_memalign(void **ptr, size_t align, size_t size)
{
if (check_align(align))
return EINVAL;
int saved_errno = errno;
void *p = _aligned_malloc(size, align);
if (p == NULL)
{
errno = saved_errno;
return ENOMEM;
}
*ptr = p;
return 0;
}
#endif
CPP实现CORBA静态绑定（八）
- CORBA基本架构
- IDL文件编写
- CPP示例实现（上）
- CPP示例实现（下）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS上）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS下）
- C示例实现（IOR上）
- C示例实现（IOR下）
然后完成客户端部分：
Hi-client-ior.c
#include <assert.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <orbit/orbit.h>
#include "Hi.h"
/*
Usage: ./hi-client_ns
*/
/**
* test for exception
*/
static
gboolean
raised_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
return ((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION);
}
/**
* in case of any exception this macro will abort the process
*/
static
void
abort_if_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev, const char* mesg)
{
if (raised_exception (ev)) {
g_error ("%s %s", mesg, CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
}
/*
* main
*/
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
CORBA_ORB orb=CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_Environment ev;
HiCorba_Hi service = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
//init orb
g_print("\nClient>starting client...");
g_print("\nClient>creating and initializing the ORB");
CORBA_exception_init(&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_exception_init failed");
orb=CORBA_ORB_init(&argc,argv,"orbit-local-orb",&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_init failed");
// read name_service ior from ns.ior
CORBA_char filename[] = "service.ior";
FILE *file = NULL;
g_print("\nClient>reading the file '%s'",filename);
if ((file=fopen(filename, "r"))==NULL)
g_error ("could not open '%s'", filename);
gchar objref[1024];
fscanf (file, "%s", &objref);
g_print("\nClient>getting the 'IOR' - from the file '%s'",filename);
g_print("\nClient>the IOR is '%s'",objref);
service = (HiCorba_Hi)CORBA_ORB_string_to_object(orb,objref,&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_string_to_object 'NameService IOR' failed");
// invoke service
g_print("\nClient>calling the Hi service...");
CORBA_char *msg=HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo(service, "neohope", &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo failed");
g_print("\nClient>server returned the following message: %s\n", msg);
CORBA_Object_release(service, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "release failed");
if (orb != CORBA_OBJECT_NIL)
{
/* going to destroy orb.. */
CORBA_ORB_destroy(orb, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "destroy failed");
}
}
MakeClient
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -c -g -pthread -D_REENTRANT -DORBIT2=1 \
-I/usr/include/orbit-2.0 \
-I/usr/include/glib-2.0 \
-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include
LDFLAGS = -Wl,--export-dynamic -lORBit-2 -lORBitCosNaming-2 -lgmodule-2.0 \
-ldl -lgobject-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lpthread -lglib-2.0 -lm \
-L/usr/lib
ORBIT_IDL= /usr/bin/orbit-idl-2
all : Hi-client-ior.bin
Hi-client-ior.bin : Hi-common.o Hi-stubs.o Hi-client-ior.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) Hi-common.o Hi-stubs.o Hi-client-ior.o -o Hi-client-ior.bin
%.o : %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
nidl : Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) --skeleton-impl Hi.idl
clean:
rm -rf *.bin
rm -rf *.o
编译
Make -f MakeClient
运行
#首先运行orbd orbd -ORBInitialPort 1900 #然后运行server ./Hi-server-ior.bin Server>starting server... Server>creating and initializing the ORB Server>getting reference to RootPOA Server>activating the POA Manager Server>creating the servant Server>writing the file 'service.ior' Server>writing the IOR to file 'service.ior' Server>running the orb... Server>server is returning: Hi, neohope ! #然后运行client ./Hi-client-ior.bin Client>starting client... Client>creating and initializing the ORB Client>reading the file 'service.ior' Client>getting the 'IOR' - from the file 'service.ior' Client>the IOR is 'IOR: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' Client>calling the Hi service... Client>server returned the following message: Hi, neohope !
CPP实现CORBA静态绑定（七）
- CORBA基本架构
- IDL文件编写
- CPP示例实现（上）
- CPP示例实现（下）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS上）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS下）
- C示例实现（IOR上）
- C示例实现（IOR下）
在linux系统下，有很多开源的CORBA通讯框架，在C的示例中，使用了orbit的框架。
如我用的是Debian系统，可以直接安装：
apt-get install orbit2 apt-get install liborbit2-dev
安装后，可以通过工具orb-rdl-2从idl文件生成需要的stubs及skeletons接口代码：
#该命令会生成文件：Hi.h、Hi-common.c、Hi-skels.c、Hi-stubs.c orbit-idl-2 Hi.idl
可以通过工具orb-rdl-2从idl文件生成服务端代码：
#该命令会生成模板文件：Hi-skelimpl.c orbit-idl-2 --skeleton-impl Hi.idl
首先完成服务端部分：
Hi-server-ior.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <orbit/orbit.h>
#include "Hi.h"
#include "Hi-skelimpl.c"
/*
./Hi-server_ns -ORBInitRef NameService=[string of IOR of NameService]
*/
/**
* test for exception
*/
static
gboolean
raised_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev) {
return ((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION);
}
/**
* in case of any exception this macro will abort the process
*/
static
void
abort_if_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev, const char* mesg)
{
if (raised_exception (ev)) {
g_error ("%s %s", mesg, CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
}
/*
* main
*/
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
PortableServer_POA poa;
HiCorba_Hi servant = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_ORB orb=CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_Environment ev;
// init ORB
g_print("\nServer>starting server...");
g_print("\nServer>creating and initializing the ORB");
CORBA_exception_init(&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_exception_init failed");
orb=CORBA_ORB_init(&argc,argv,"orbit-local-orb",&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_init failed");
// activate POA
g_print("\nServer>getting reference to RootPOA");
poa= (PortableServer_POA) CORBA_ORB_resolve_initial_references(orb,"RootPOA",&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_resolve_initial 'RootPOA' failed");
g_print("\nServer>activating the POA Manager");
PortableServer_POAManager_activate(PortableServer_POA__get_the_POAManager(poa, &ev),&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "POA_activate failed");
// create servant
g_print("\nServer>creating the servant");
servant = impl_HiCorba_Hi__create (poa, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "impl_HiCorba_Hi__create failed");
// read name_service ior from ns.ior
CORBA_char filename[] = "service.ior";
FILE *file = NULL;
g_print("\nServer>writing the file '%s'",filename);
if ((file=fopen(filename, "w"))==NULL)
g_error ("could not open '%s'\n", filename);
gchar *objref = CORBA_ORB_object_to_string (orb, servant, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_object_to_string' failed");
fprintf(file,"%s",objref);
fflush(file);
fclose(file);
g_print("\nServer>writing the IOR to file '%s'",filename);
// start
g_print("\nServer>running the orb...");
CORBA_ORB_run(orb,&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "ORB_run failed");
}
Hi-skelimpl.c
/* This is a template file generated by command */
/* orbit-idl-2 --skeleton-impl Hi.idl */
/* User must edit this file, inserting servant */
/* specific code between markers. */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "Hi.h"
/*** App-specific servant structures ***/
#if !defined(_typedef_impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi_)
#define _typedef_impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi_ 1
typedef struct {
POA_HiCorba_Hi servant;
PortableServer_POA poa;
/* ------ add private attributes here ------ */
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
} impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi;
#endif
/*** Implementation stub prototypes ***/
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_ 1
static void impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_ 1
static CORBA_string
impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_char * someone,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_ 1
static CORBA_long
impl_HiCorba_Hi_add(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_long numa,
const CORBA_long numb,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_ 1
static void
impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
/*** epv structures ***/
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv_ 1
static PortableServer_ServantBase__epv impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv = {
NULL, /* _private data */
(gpointer) & impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy, /* finalize routine */
NULL, /* default_POA routine */
};
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv_ 1
static POA_HiCorba_Hi__epv impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv = {
NULL, /* _private */
(gpointer)&impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo,
(gpointer)&impl_HiCorba_Hi_add,
(gpointer)&impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown,
};
#endif
/*** vepv structures ***/
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv_ 1
static POA_HiCorba_Hi__vepv impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv = {
&impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv,
&impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv,
};
#endif
/*** Stub implementations ***/
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi__create_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi__create_ 1
static HiCorba_Hi impl_HiCorba_Hi__create(PortableServer_POA poa, CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
HiCorba_Hi retval;
impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *newservant;
PortableServer_ObjectId *objid;
newservant = g_new0(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi, 1);
newservant->servant.vepv = &impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv;
newservant->poa = (PortableServer_POA) CORBA_Object_duplicate((CORBA_Object)poa, ev);
POA_HiCorba_Hi__init((PortableServer_Servant)newservant, ev);
/* Before servant is going to be activated all
* private attributes must be initialized. */
/* ------ init private attributes here ------ */
/* ------ ---------- end ------------- ------ */
objid = PortableServer_POA_activate_object(poa, newservant, ev);
CORBA_free(objid);
retval = PortableServer_POA_servant_to_reference(poa, newservant, ev);
return retval;
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_ 1
static void
impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant, CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
CORBA_Object_release ((CORBA_Object) servant->poa, ev);
/* No further remote method calls are delegated to
* servant and you may free your private attributes. */
/* ------ free private attributes here ------ */
/* ------ ---------- end ------------- ------ */
POA_HiCorba_Hi__fini((PortableServer_Servant)servant, ev);
g_free (servant);
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_ 1
static CORBA_string
impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_char * someone,
CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
CORBA_string retval = CORBA_string_alloc(512);
/* ------ insert method code here ------ */
sprintf(retval,"Hi, %s !",someone);
g_print("\nServer>server is returning: %s",retval);
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
return retval;
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_ 1
static CORBA_long
impl_HiCorba_Hi_add(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_long numa,
const CORBA_long numb,
CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
CORBA_long retval;
/* ------ insert method code here ------ */
retval = numa+numb;
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
return retval;
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_ 1
static CORBA_ORB _neo_ORB = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
static HiCorba_Hi _neo_servant = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
static void set_NEO_ORB(CORBA_ORB theORB, HiCorba_Hi theServant)
{
_neo_ORB = theORB;
_neo_servant = theServant;
}
static void
impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
/* ------ insert method code here ------ */
if(_neo_ORB==CORBA_OBJECT_NIL || _neo_servant == CORBA_OBJECT_NIL)return;
//
g_print("\nServer>executing the release");
CORBA_Object_release(_neo_servant,ev);
if((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION){
g_error ("%s %s", "Object_release failed", CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
//
g_print("\nServer>executing the shutdown");
CORBA_ORB_shutdown(_neo_ORB, CORBA_FALSE, ev);
if((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION){
g_error ("%s %s", "shutdown failed", CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
exit(0);
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
}
#endif
MakeServer
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -c -g -pthread -D_REENTRANT -DORBIT2=1 \
-I/usr/include/orbit-2.0 \
-I/usr/include/glib-2.0 \
-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include
LDFLAGS = -Wl,--export-dynamic -lORBit-2 -lORBitCosNaming-2 -lgmodule-2.0 \
-ldl -lgobject-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lpthread -lglib-2.0 -lm \
-L/usr/lib
ORBIT_IDL= /usr/bin/orbit-idl-2
all : Hi-server-ior.bin
Hi-server-ior.bin : Hi-common.o Hi-skelimpl.o Hi-skels.o Hi-server-ior.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) Hi-common.o Hi-skelimpl.o Hi-skels.o Hi-server-ior.o -o Hi-server-ior.bin
%.o : %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
nidl : Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) --skeleton-impl Hi.idl
clean:
rm -rf *.bin
rm -rf *.o
编译
make -f MakeServer
CPP实现CORBA静态绑定（六）
- CORBA基本架构
- IDL文件编写
- CPP示例实现（上）
- CPP示例实现（下）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS上）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS下）
- C示例实现（IOR上）
- C示例实现（IOR下）
首先完成客户端部分：
Hi-client-ns.c
#include <assert.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <orbit/orbit.h>
#include <ORBitservices/CosNaming.h>
#include <ORBitservices/CosNaming_impl.h>
#include "Hi.h"
/*
Usage: ./hi-client_ns
*/
/**
* test for exception
*/
static
gboolean
raised_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
return ((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION);
}
/**
* in case of any exception this macro will abort the process
*/
static
void
abort_if_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev, const char* mesg)
{
if (raised_exception (ev)) {
g_error ("%s %s", mesg, CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
}
/*
* main
*/
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
CORBA_ORB orb=CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_Environment ev;
CosNaming_NamingContext ns =CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
HiCorba_Hi service = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_char name_service[]="Hi";
CosNaming_NameComponent path[1]={name_service,""};
CosNaming_Name name={1,1,path,CORBA_FALSE};
//init orb
g_print("\nClient>starting client...");
g_print("\nClient>creating and initializing the ORB");
CORBA_exception_init(&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_exception_init failed");
orb=CORBA_ORB_init(&argc,argv,"orbit-local-orb",&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_init failed");
// read name_service ior from ns.ior
CORBA_char filename[] = "ns.ior";
FILE *file = NULL;
g_print("\nClient>reading the file '%s'",filename);
if ((file=fopen(filename, "r"))==NULL)
g_error ("could not open '%s'", filename);
gchar objref[1024];
fscanf (file, "%s", &objref);
g_print("\nClient>getting the root naming context 'NameService' - from the file '%s'",filename);
g_print("\nClient>the root naming context ior is '%s'",objref);
ns = (CosNaming_NamingContext)CORBA_ORB_string_to_object(orb,objref,&ev);
//free (objref);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_string_to_object 'NameService IOR' failed");
//resolve object reference
g_print("\nClient>Resolving the object reference in naming '%s'",name_service);
service=CosNaming_NamingContext_resolve(ns,&name,&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "resolve failed");
// invoke service
g_print("\nClient>calling the Hi service...");
CORBA_char *msg=HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo(service, "neohope", &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo failed");
g_print("\nClient>server returned the following message: %s\n", msg);
CORBA_Object_release(service, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "release failed");
if (orb != CORBA_OBJECT_NIL)
{
/* going to destroy orb.. */
CORBA_ORB_destroy(orb, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "destroy failed");
}
}
MakeClient
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -c -g -pthread -D_REENTRANT -DORBIT2=1 \
-I/usr/include/orbit-2.0 \
-I/usr/include/glib-2.0 \
-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include
LDFLAGS = -Wl,--export-dynamic -lORBit-2 -lORBitCosNaming-2 -lgmodule-2.0 \
-ldl -lgobject-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lpthread -lglib-2.0 -lm \
-L/usr/lib
ORBIT_IDL= /usr/bin/orbit-idl-2
all : Hi-client-ns.bin
Hi-client-ns.bin : Hi-common.o Hi-stubs.o Hi-client-ns.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) Hi-common.o Hi-stubs.o Hi-client-ns.o -o Hi-client-ns.bin
%.o : %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
nidl : Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) --skeleton-impl Hi.idl
clean:
rm -rf *.bin
rm -rf *.o
编译
make -f MakeClient
然后是运行
#首先运行orbd orbd -ORBInitialPort 1900 #然后运行nameservice orbit-name-server-2 > ns.ior #然后运行server ./Hi-server-ns.bin Server>starting server... Server>creating and initializing the ORB Server>getting reference to RootPOA Server>activating the POA Manager Server>creating the servant Server>reading the file 'ns.ior' Server>getting the root naming context 'NameService' - from the file 'ns.ior' Server>the root naming context ior is 'IOR: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' Server>binding the object reference in naming with name 'Hi' Server>running the orb... Server>server is returning: Hi, neohope ! #然后运行client ./Hi-client-ns.bin Client>starting client... Client>creating and initializing the ORB Client>reading the file 'ns.ior' Client>getting the root naming context 'NameService' - from the file 'ns.ior' Client>the root naming context ior is 'IOR: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' Client>Resolving the object reference in naming 'Hi' Client>calling the Hi service... Client>server returned the following message: Hi, neohope !
CPP实现CORBA静态绑定（五）
- CORBA基本架构
- IDL文件编写
- CPP示例实现（上）
- CPP示例实现（下）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS上）
- C示例实现（IOR+NS下）
- C示例实现（IOR上）
- C示例实现（IOR下）
在linux系统下，有很多开源的CORBA通讯框架，在C的示例中，使用了orbit的框架。
如我用的是Debian系统，可以直接安装：
apt-get install orbit2 apt-get install orbit2-nameserver apt-get install liborbit2-dev
安装后，可以通过工具orb-rdl-2从idl文件生成需要的stubs及skeletons接口代码：
#该命令会生成文件：Hi.h、Hi-common.c、Hi-skels.c、Hi-stubs.c orbit-idl-2 Hi.idl
可以通过工具orb-rdl-2从idl文件生成服务端代码：
#该命令会生成模板文件：Hi-skelimpl.c orbit-idl-2 --skeleton-impl Hi.idl
首先完成服务端部分：
Hi-server-ns.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <orbit/orbit.h>
#include <ORBitservices/CosNaming.h>
#include <ORBitservices/CosNaming_impl.h>
#include "Hi.h"
#include "Hi-skelimpl.c"
/*
./Hi-server_ns
*/
/**
* test for exception
*/
static
gboolean
raised_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev) {
return ((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION);
}
/**
* in case of any exception this macro will abort the process
*/
static
void
abort_if_exception(CORBA_Environment *ev, const char* mesg)
{
if (raised_exception (ev)) {
g_error ("%s %s", mesg, CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
}
/*
* main
*/
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
PortableServer_POA poa;
HiCorba_Hi servant = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CosNaming_NamingContext ns =CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_ORB orb=CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
CORBA_char name_service[]="Hi";
CosNaming_NameComponent path[1]={name_service,""};
CosNaming_Name name={1,1,path,CORBA_FALSE};
CORBA_Environment ev;
// init ORB
g_print("\nServer>starting server...");
g_print("\nServer>creating and initializing the ORB");
CORBA_exception_init(&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_exception_init failed");
orb=CORBA_ORB_init(&argc,argv,"orbit-local-orb",&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_init failed");
// activate POA
g_print("\nServer>getting reference to RootPOA");
poa= (PortableServer_POA) CORBA_ORB_resolve_initial_references(orb,"RootPOA",&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_resolve_initial 'RootPOA' failed");
g_print("\nServer>activating the POA Manager");
PortableServer_POAManager_activate(PortableServer_POA__get_the_POAManager(poa, &ev),&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "POA_activate failed");
// create servant
g_print("\nServer>creating the servant");
servant = impl_HiCorba_Hi__create (poa, &ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "impl_HiCorba_Hi__create failed");
// read name_service ior from ns.ior
CORBA_char filename[] = "ns.ior";
FILE *file = NULL;
g_print("\nServer>reading the file '%s'",filename);
if ((file=fopen(filename, "r"))==NULL)
g_error ("could not open '%s'\n", filename);
gchar objref[1024];
fscanf (file, "%s", &objref);
g_print("\nServer>getting the root naming context 'NameService' - from the file '%s'",filename);
g_print("\nServer>the root naming context ior is '%s'",objref);
// bind service
ns = (CosNaming_NamingContext) CORBA_ORB_string_to_object (orb, objref, &ev);
//free (objref);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "CORBA_ORB_string_to_object 'NameService IOR' failed");
g_print("\nServer>binding the object reference in naming with name '%s'",name_service);
CosNaming_NamingContext_rebind(ns,&name,servant,&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "rebind failed");
// start
g_print("\nServer>running the orb...");
CORBA_ORB_run(orb,&ev);
abort_if_exception(&ev, "ORB_run failed");
}
Hi-skelimpl.c
/* This is a template file generated by command */
/* orbit-idl-2 --skeleton-impl Hi.idl */
/* User must edit this file, inserting servant */
/* specific code between markers. */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "Hi.h"
/*** App-specific servant structures ***/
#if !defined(_typedef_impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi_)
#define _typedef_impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi_ 1
typedef struct {
POA_HiCorba_Hi servant;
PortableServer_POA poa;
/* ------ add private attributes here ------ */
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
} impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi;
#endif
/*** Implementation stub prototypes ***/
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_ 1
static void impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_ 1
static CORBA_string
impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_char * someone,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_ 1
static CORBA_long
impl_HiCorba_Hi_add(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_long numa,
const CORBA_long numb,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
#if !defined(_decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_)
#define _decl_impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_ 1
static void
impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
CORBA_Environment *ev);
#endif
/*** epv structures ***/
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv_ 1
static PortableServer_ServantBase__epv impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv = {
NULL, /* _private data */
(gpointer) & impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy, /* finalize routine */
NULL, /* default_POA routine */
};
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv_ 1
static POA_HiCorba_Hi__epv impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv = {
NULL, /* _private */
(gpointer)&impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo,
(gpointer)&impl_HiCorba_Hi_add,
(gpointer)&impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown,
};
#endif
/*** vepv structures ***/
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv_ 1
static POA_HiCorba_Hi__vepv impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv = {
&impl_HiCorba_Hi_base_epv,
&impl_HiCorba_Hi_epv,
};
#endif
/*** Stub implementations ***/
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi__create_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi__create_ 1
static HiCorba_Hi impl_HiCorba_Hi__create(PortableServer_POA poa, CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
HiCorba_Hi retval;
impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *newservant;
PortableServer_ObjectId *objid;
newservant = g_new0(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi, 1);
newservant->servant.vepv = &impl_HiCorba_Hi_vepv;
newservant->poa = (PortableServer_POA) CORBA_Object_duplicate((CORBA_Object)poa, ev);
POA_HiCorba_Hi__init((PortableServer_Servant)newservant, ev);
/* Before servant is going to be activated all
* private attributes must be initialized. */
/* ------ init private attributes here ------ */
/* ------ ---------- end ------------- ------ */
objid = PortableServer_POA_activate_object(poa, newservant, ev);
CORBA_free(objid);
retval = PortableServer_POA_servant_to_reference(poa, newservant, ev);
return retval;
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy_ 1
static void
impl_HiCorba_Hi__destroy(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant, CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
CORBA_Object_release ((CORBA_Object) servant->poa, ev);
/* No further remote method calls are delegated to
* servant and you may free your private attributes. */
/* ------ free private attributes here ------ */
/* ------ ---------- end ------------- ------ */
POA_HiCorba_Hi__fini((PortableServer_Servant)servant, ev);
g_free (servant);
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo_ 1
static CORBA_string
impl_HiCorba_Hi_sayHiTo(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_char * someone,
CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
CORBA_string retval = CORBA_string_alloc(512);
/* ------ insert method code here ------ */
sprintf(retval,"Hi, %s !",someone);
g_print("\nServer>server is returning: %s",retval);
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
return retval;
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_add_ 1
static CORBA_long
impl_HiCorba_Hi_add(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
const CORBA_long numa,
const CORBA_long numb,
CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
CORBA_long retval;
/* ------ insert method code here ------ */
retval = numa+numb;
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
return retval;
}
#endif
#if !defined(_impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_)
#define _impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown_ 1
static CORBA_ORB _neo_ORB = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
static HiCorba_Hi _neo_servant = CORBA_OBJECT_NIL;
static void set_NEO_ORB(CORBA_ORB theORB, HiCorba_Hi theServant)
{
_neo_ORB = theORB;
_neo_servant = theServant;
}
static void
impl_HiCorba_Hi_shutdown(impl_POA_HiCorba_Hi *servant,
CORBA_Environment *ev)
{
/* ------ insert method code here ------ */
if(_neo_ORB==CORBA_OBJECT_NIL || _neo_servant == CORBA_OBJECT_NIL)return;
//
g_print("\nServer>executing the release");
CORBA_Object_release(_neo_servant,ev);
if((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION){
g_error ("%s %s", "Object_release failed", CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
//
g_print("\nServer>executing the shutdown");
CORBA_ORB_shutdown(_neo_ORB, CORBA_FALSE, ev);
if((ev)->_major != CORBA_NO_EXCEPTION){
g_error ("%s %s", "shutdown failed", CORBA_exception_id (ev));
CORBA_exception_free (ev);
abort();
}
exit(0);
/* ------ ---------- end ------------ ------ */
}
#endif
MakeServer
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -c -g -pthread -D_REENTRANT -DORBIT2=1 \
-I/usr/include/orbit-2.0 \
-I/usr/include/glib-2.0 \
-I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include
LDFLAGS = -Wl,--export-dynamic -lORBit-2 -lORBitCosNaming-2 -lgmodule-2.0 \
-ldl -lgobject-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lpthread -lglib-2.0 -lm \
-L/usr/lib
ORBIT_IDL= /usr/bin/orbit-idl-2
all : Hi-server-ns.bin
Hi-server-ns.bin : Hi-common.o Hi-skelimpl.o Hi-skels.o Hi-server-ns.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) Hi-common.o Hi-skelimpl.o Hi-skels.o Hi-server-ns.o -o Hi-server-ns.bin
%.o : %.c
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
nidl : Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) Hi.idl
$(ORBIT_IDL) --skeleton-impl Hi.idl
clean:
rm -rf *.bin
rm -rf *.o
编译
make -f MakeServer
DBUS发送接收数据（下）
1、编译后，由于没有进行配置，默认是无法运行的。
为了可以正常运行，增加或修改下面的配置文件即可。
/etc/dbus-1.0/system-local.conf
<!-- This configuration file controls the systemwide message bus.
Add a system-local.conf and edit that rather than changing this
file directly. -->
<!-- Note that there are any number of ways you can hose yourself
security-wise by screwing up this file; in particular, you
probably don't want to listen on any more addresses, add any more
auth mechanisms, run as a different user, etc. -->
<!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D-Bus Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
<busconfig>
<!-- Our well-known bus type, do not change this -->
<type>system</type>
<!-- Run as special user -->
<user>messagebus</user>
<!-- Fork into daemon mode -->
<fork/>
<!-- We use system service launching using a helper -->
<standard_system_servicedirs/>
<!-- This is a setuid helper that is used to launch system services -->
<servicehelper>/usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper</servicehelper>
<!-- Write a pid file -->
<pidfile>/var/run/dbus/pid</pidfile>
<!-- Enable logging to syslog -->
<syslog/>
<!-- Only allow socket-credentials-based authentication -->
<auth>EXTERNAL</auth>
<!-- Only listen on a local socket. (abstract=/path/to/socket
means use abstract namespace, don't really create filesystem
file; only Linux supports this. Use path=/whatever on other
systems.) -->
<listen>unix:path=/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket</listen>
<policy context="default">
<!-- All users can connect to system bus -->
<allow user="*"/>
<!-- Holes must be punched in service configuration files for
name ownership and sending method calls -->
<allow own="*"/>
<allow send_type="method_call"/>
<!-- Signals and reply messages (method returns, errors) are allowed
by default -->
<allow send_type="signal"/>
<allow send_requested_reply="true" send_type="method_return"/>
<allow send_requested_reply="true" send_type="error"/>
<!-- All messages may be received by default -->
<allow receive_type="method_call"/>
<allow receive_type="method_return"/>
<allow receive_type="error"/>
<allow receive_type="signal"/>
<!-- Allow anyone to talk to the message bus -->
<allow send_destination="org.freedesktop.DBus"/>
<!-- But disallow some specific bus services -->
<deny send_destination="org.freedesktop.DBus"
send_interface="org.freedesktop.DBus"
send_member="UpdateActivationEnvironment"/>
<deny send_destination="org.freedesktop.DBus"
send_interface="org.freedesktop.systemd1.Activator"/>
</policy>
<!-- Only systemd, which runs as root, may report activation failures. -->
<policy user="root">
<allow send_destination="org.freedesktop.DBus"
send_interface="org.freedesktop.systemd1.Activator"/>
</policy>
<!-- Config files are placed here that among other things, punch
holes in the above policy for specific services. -->
<includedir>system.d</includedir>
<include if_selinux_enabled="yes" selinux_root_relative="yes">contexts/dbus_contexts</include>
</busconfig>
2、测试消息发送
服务端：
$./testdbus_s.bin receive Listening for signals Match rule sent Got Signal with value: Hello Got Signal with value: Hi Bye......
客户端：
$./testdbus_s.bin send Hello Sending signal with value: Hello Signal Sent $./testdbus_s.bin send Hi Sending signal with value: Hi Signal Sent $./testdbus_s.bin send Bye Sending signal with value: Bye Signal Sent
3、测试方法调用
服务端：
$./testdbus_s.bin listen Listening for method calls Method Invoked with value: Hello Method Invoked with value: Hi Bye......
客户端：
$./testdbus_s.bin query Hello Calling remote method with Hello Request Sent Got Reply: 1, 21614 $./testdbus_s.bin query Hi Calling remote method with Hi Request Sent Got Reply: 1, 21614 $./testdbus_s.bin query Bye Calling remote method with Bye Request Sent Got Reply: 1, 21614
DBUS发送接收数据（上）
1、Server端
testdbus_s.c
#define DBUS_API_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE
#include <dbus/dbus.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/**
* Wait for signals on the bus and reply
*/
void receive()
{
DBusMessage* msg;
DBusMessageIter args;
DBusConnection* conn;
DBusError err;
int ret;
char* sigvalue;
int loop=1;
printf("Listening for signals\n");
// initialise the errors
dbus_error_init(&err);
// connect to the bus and check for errors
conn = dbus_bus_get(DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Connection Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (NULL == conn) {
exit(1);
}
// request our name on the bus and check for errors
ret = dbus_bus_request_name(conn, "neohope.dbus.signal.target", DBUS_NAME_FLAG_REPLACE_EXISTING , &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Name Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER != ret) {
exit(1);
}
// add a rule for which messages we want to see
dbus_bus_add_match(conn, "type='signal',interface='neohope.dbus.signal.Type'", &err); // see signals from the given interface
dbus_connection_flush(conn);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Match Error (%s)\n", err.message);
exit(1);
}
printf("Match rule sent\n");
// loop listening for signals being emmitted
while (loop) {
// non blocking read of the next available message
dbus_connection_read_write(conn, 0);
msg = dbus_connection_pop_message(conn);
// loop again if we haven't read a message
if (NULL == msg) {
sleep(1);
continue;
}
// check if the message is a signal from the correct interface and with the correct name
if (dbus_message_is_signal(msg, "neohope.dbus.signal.Type", "TestSignal")) {
// read the parameters
if (!dbus_message_iter_init(msg, &args))
fprintf(stderr, "Message Has No Parameters\n");
else if (DBUS_TYPE_STRING != dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&args))
fprintf(stderr, "Argument is not string!\n");
else
dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&args, &sigvalue);
if(strcmp("Bye",sigvalue)==0) {
loop = 0;
printf("Bye......\n");
}
else {
printf("Got Signal with value: %s\n", sigvalue);
}
}
// free the message
dbus_message_unref(msg);
}
// do not close the connection
// dbus_connection_close(conn);
}
/**
* Deal with remote method call
*/
int reply_to_method_call(DBusMessage* msg, DBusConnection* conn)
{
DBusMessage* reply;
DBusMessageIter args;
int stat = 1;
int ret = 1;
dbus_uint32_t level = 21614;
dbus_uint32_t serial = 0;
char* param = "";
// read the arguments
if (!dbus_message_iter_init(msg, &args))
fprintf(stderr, "Message has no arguments!\n");
else if (DBUS_TYPE_STRING != dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&args))
fprintf(stderr, "Argument is not string!\n");
else
dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&args, ¶m);
if(strcmp("Bye",param)==0){
ret = 0;
printf ("Bye......\n");
}
else {
printf("Method Invoked with value: %s\n", sigvalue);
}
// create a reply from the message
reply = dbus_message_new_method_return(msg);
// add the arguments to the reply
dbus_message_iter_init_append(reply, &args);
if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&args, DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &stat)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&args, DBUS_TYPE_UINT32, &level)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
// send the reply && flush the connection
if (!dbus_connection_send(conn, reply, &serial)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
dbus_connection_flush(conn);
// free the reply
dbus_message_unref(reply);
return ret;
}
/**
* Server that exposes a method call and waits for it to be called
*/
void listen()
{
DBusMessage* msg;
DBusMessage* reply;
DBusMessageIter args;
DBusConnection* conn;
DBusError err;
int loop = 1;
int ret;
char* param;
printf("Listening for method calls\n");
// initialise the error
dbus_error_init(&err);
// connect to the bus and check for errors
conn = dbus_bus_get(DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Connection Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (NULL == conn) {
fprintf(stderr, "Connection Null\n");
exit(1);
}
// request our name on the bus and check for errors
ret = dbus_bus_request_name(conn, "neohope.dbus.method.provider", DBUS_NAME_FLAG_REPLACE_EXISTING , &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Name Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER != ret) {
fprintf(stderr, "Not Primary Owner (%d)\n", ret);
exit(1);
}
// loop, testing for new messages
while (loop) {
// non blocking read of the next available message
dbus_connection_read_write(conn, 0);
msg = dbus_connection_pop_message(conn);
// loop again if we haven't got a message
if (NULL == msg) {
sleep(1);
continue;
}
// check this is a method call for the right interface & method
if (dbus_message_is_method_call(msg, "neohope.dbus.method.Type", "TestMethod"))
loop = reply_to_method_call(msg, conn);
// free the message
dbus_message_unref(msg);
}
// do not close the connection
// dbus_connection_close(conn);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
if (2 > argc) {
printf ("Syntax: testdbus_s [receive|listen] [<param>]\n");
return 1;
}
char* param = "no param";
if (3 >= argc && NULL != argv[2]) param = argv[2];
if (0 == strcmp(argv[1], "receive"))
receive();
else if (0 == strcmp(argv[1], "listen"))
listen();
else {
printf ("Syntax: testdbus_s [receive|listen] [<param>]\n");
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
2、Client端
testdbus_c.c
#define DBUS_API_SUBJECT_TO_CHANGE
#include <dbus/dbus.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/**
* Connect to the DBUS bus and send a broadcast signal
*/
void sendsignal(char* sigvalue)
{
DBusMessage* msg;
DBusMessageIter args;
DBusConnection* conn;
DBusError err;
int ret;
dbus_uint32_t serial = 0;
printf("Sending signal with value: %s\n", sigvalue);
// initialise the error value
dbus_error_init(&err);
// connect to the DBUS system bus, and check for errors
conn = dbus_bus_get(DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Connection Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (NULL == conn) {
exit(1);
}
// register our name on the bus, and check for errors
ret = dbus_bus_request_name(conn, "neohope.dbus.signal.source", DBUS_NAME_FLAG_REPLACE_EXISTING , &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Name Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER != ret) {
exit(1);
}
// create a signal & check for errors
msg = dbus_message_new_signal("/neohope/dbus/signal/Object", // object name of the signal
"neohope.dbus.signal.Type", // interface name of the signal
"TestSignal"); // name of the signal
if (NULL == msg)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Message Null\n");
exit(1);
}
// append arguments onto signal
dbus_message_iter_init_append(msg, &args);
if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&args, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, &sigvalue)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
// send the message and flush the connection
if (!dbus_connection_send(conn, msg, &serial)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
dbus_connection_flush(conn);
printf("Signal Sent\n");
// free the message
dbus_message_unref(msg);
// do not close the connection
// dbus_connection_close(conn);
}
/**
* Call a method on a remote object
*/
void query(char* param)
{
DBusMessage* msg;
DBusMessageIter args;
DBusConnection* conn;
DBusError err;
DBusPendingCall* pending;
int ret;
int stat;
dbus_uint32_t level;
printf("Calling remote method with %s\n", param);
// initialiset the errors
dbus_error_init(&err);
// connect to the system bus and check for errors
conn = dbus_bus_get(DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM, &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Connection Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (NULL == conn) {
exit(1);
}
// request our name on the bus
ret = dbus_bus_request_name(conn, "neohope.dbus.method.caller", DBUS_NAME_FLAG_REPLACE_EXISTING , &err);
if (dbus_error_is_set(&err)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Name Error (%s)\n", err.message);
dbus_error_free(&err);
}
if (DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER != ret) {
exit(1);
}
// create a new method call and check for errors
msg = dbus_message_new_method_call("neohope.dbus.method.provider", // target for the method call
"/neohope/dbus/method/Object", // object to call on
"neohope.dbus.method.Type", // interface to call on
"TestMethod"); // method name
if (NULL == msg) {
fprintf(stderr, "Message Null\n");
exit(1);
}
// append arguments
dbus_message_iter_init_append(msg, &args);
if (!dbus_message_iter_append_basic(&args, DBUS_TYPE_STRING, ¶m)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
// send message and get a handle for a reply
if (!dbus_connection_send_with_reply (conn, msg, &pending, -1)) { // -1 is default timeout
fprintf(stderr, "Out Of Memory!\n");
exit(1);
}
if (NULL == pending) {
fprintf(stderr, "Pending Call Null\n");
exit(1);
}
dbus_connection_flush(conn);
printf("Request Sent\n");
// free message
dbus_message_unref(msg);
// block until we recieve a reply
dbus_pending_call_block(pending);
// get the reply message
msg = dbus_pending_call_steal_reply(pending);
if (NULL == msg) {
fprintf(stderr, "Reply Null\n");
exit(1);
}
// free the pending message handle
dbus_pending_call_unref(pending);
// read the parameters
if (!dbus_message_iter_init(msg, &args))
fprintf(stderr, "Message has no arguments!\n");
else if (DBUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN != dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&args))
fprintf(stderr, "Argument is not boolean!\n");
else
dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&args, &stat);
if (!dbus_message_iter_next(&args))
fprintf(stderr, "Message has too few arguments!\n");
else if (DBUS_TYPE_UINT32 != dbus_message_iter_get_arg_type(&args))
fprintf(stderr, "Argument is not int!\n");
else
dbus_message_iter_get_basic(&args, &level);
printf("Got Reply: %d, %d\n", stat, level);
// free reply and close connection
dbus_message_unref(msg);
//dbus_connection_close(conn);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
if (2 > argc) {
printf ("Syntax: testdbus_c [send|query] [<param>]\n");
return 1;
}
char* param = "no param";
if (3 >= argc && NULL != argv[2]) param = argv[2];
if (0 == strcmp(argv[1], "send"))
sendsignal(param);
else if (0 == strcmp(argv[1], "query"))
query(param);
else {
printf ("Syntax: testdbus_c [send|query] [<param>]\n");
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
3、Makefile
CC=gcc LDFLAGS+=-ldbus-1 CFLAGS+=-I/usr/include/dbus-1.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dbus-1.0/include/ all:testdbus_c.bin testdbus_s.bin testdbus_c.bin:testdbus_c.o $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o testdbus_c.bin testdbus_c.o testdbus_c.o:testdbus_c.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o testdbus_c.o testdbus_c.c testdbus_s.bin:testdbus_s.o $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o testdbus_s.bin testdbus_s.o testdbus_s.o:testdbus_s.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o testdbus_s.o testdbus_s.c clean: rm *.o *.bin
4、编译
make
排序算法C Part01
1、冒泡排序
//冒泡排序BubbleSort
//每次扫描，比较和交换相邻元素，保证一次扫描后，最大元素在最后一个
//每次扫描后，扫描队列长度减一
//时间复杂度：O(N^2)
//空间复杂度：O(N)
//稳定性：稳定
//输入：要排序的数组，数组长度
//输出：void，Q[]将处于排序状态
void BubbleSort(int Q[], int N)
{
int i;
int swap=1;
int Temp;
while(swap>0)
{
swap=0;
for(i=1;i<N;i++)
{
if(Q[i-1]>Q[i])
{
swap++;
Temp=Q[i-1];
Q[i-1]=Q[i];
Q[i]=Temp;
}
}
}
}
2、选择排序
//选择排序SelectionSort
//从头扫描到尾，每次将最小元素放到第一个
//每次扫描后，队列长度减一
//时间复杂度：O(N^2)
//空间复杂度：O(N)
//稳定性：稳定
//输入：要排序的数组，数组长度
//输出：void，Q[]将处于排序状态
void SelectionSort(int Q[], int N)
{
int i,j,k;
int Temp;
for(i=0;i<N;i++)
{
k=i;
for(j=i+1;j<N;j++)
{
if(Q[j]<Q[i])k=j;
}
Temp=Q[k];
Q[k]=Q[i];
Q[i]=Temp;
}
}
3、插入排序
//插入排序InsertionSort
//起始队列长度为1，每次队列长度加1
//通过元素移动，将队列调整为有序状态
//时间复杂度：O(N^2)
//空间复杂度：O(N)
//稳定性：稳定
//输入：要排序的数组，数组长度
//输出：void，Q[]将处于排序状态
void InsertionSort(int Q[], int N)
{
int i,j;
int Temp;
for(i=1;i<N;i++)
{
Temp = Q[i];
for(j=i;j>0 && Q[j-1]>Temp;j--)
{
Q[j]=Q[j-1];
}
Q[j]=Temp;
}
}
4、希尔排序
//希尔排序ShellSort
//指定一个步长，将需要排序的数字，按序号%步长分组
//对每组进行插入排序，然后减小步长，再次分组，排序直到步长为1结束
//时间复杂度：O(n^2)
//空间复杂度：O(n)
//稳定性：稳定
//输入：要排序的数组，数组长度
//输出：void，Q[]将处于排序状态
void ShellSort(int Q[], int N)
{
int i,j;
int Temp;
int Step;
for(Step=N/2;Step>0;Step=Step/2)
{
for(i=Step;i<N;i++)
{
Temp = Q[i];
for(j=i;j>=Step && Q[j-Step]>Temp;j=j-Step)
{
Q[j]=Q[j-Step];
}
Q[j]=Temp;
}
//dumpArray(Q,N);
}
}
5、归并排序
//归并排序MergeSort
//二路归并首先将归并长度定为2，在归并集内进行排序
//然后归并长度×2，将有序集合进行归并
//时间复杂度：O(NlogN)
//空间复杂度：O(N)
//稳定性：稳定
//输入：要排序的数组，数组长度
//输出：void，Q[]将处于排序状态
void Merge(int Q[],int TempArray[], int left, int mid, int right)
{
int i=left,j=mid,k=left;
while(i<mid && j<=right)
{
if(Q[i]>Q[j])
{
TempArray[k++]=Q[j++];
}
else
{
TempArray[k++]=Q[i++];
}
}
while(i<mid)
{
TempArray[k++]=Q[i++];
}
while(j<=right)
{
TempArray[k++]=Q[j++];
}
for(k=left;k<=right;k++)
{
Q[k]=TempArray[k];
}
}
void MSort(int Q[],int TempArray[], int left, int right)
{
int center;
if(left<right)
{
center=(left+right)/2;
MSort(Q,TempArray,left,center);
MSort(Q,TempArray,center+1,right);
Merge(Q,TempArray,left,center+1,right);
}
}
void MergeSort(int Q[], int N)
{
int *TempArray = malloc(N*sizeof(int));
if(TempArray!=NULL)
{
MSort(Q,TempArray,0,N-1);
}
else
{
//Todo: deal with not enough memory
//RaiseError("MergeSort: not enough memory");
}
}