首先，大家要调整一下概念，对应于普通的关系型数据库，你可以暂时这样考虑
| Relational DB | Elasticsearch |
| Databases | Indexes |
| Tables | Types |
| Rows | Documents |
| Columns | Fields |
1、创建索引myindex
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/myindex
2、创建类型user
curl -XPOST http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_mapping -d'
{
"user": {
"_all": {
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"term_vector": "no",
"store": "false"
},
"properties": {
"用户ID": {
"type": "string",
"store": "no",
"analyzer": "keyword",
"search_analyzer": "keyword",
"include_in_all": "true",
"boost": 8
},
"姓名": {
"type": "string",
"store": "no",
"term_vector": "with_positions_offsets",
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"include_in_all": "true",
"boost": 8
},
"性别": {
"type": "string",
"store": "no",
"analyzer": "keyword",
"search_analyzer": "keyword",
"include_in_all": "true",
"boost": 8
},
"年龄": {
"type": "integer",
"store": "no",
"index": "not_analyzed",
"include_in_all": "true",
"boost": 8
},
"家庭住址": {
"type": "string",
"store": "no",
"term_vector": "with_positions_offsets",
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"include_in_all": "true",
"boost": 8
},
"注册时间": {
"type": "date",
"format": "yyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss",
"store": "no",
"index": "not_analyzed",
"include_in_all": "true",
"boost": 8
}
}
}
}'
在这里类型user中，有几种索引类型，
| key | 类型 | 分词方式 |
| 用户ID | string | keyword |
| 姓名 | string | ik_max_word |
| 性别 | string | keyword |
| 年龄 | integer | not_analyzed |
| 家庭住址 | string | ik_max_word |
| 注册时间 | date | not_analyzed |
其中，
ik_max_word，指的是用ik分词，然后将分词结果作为term，需要分词检索的字段，需要这样处理
keyword，指的是，不要分词，而是把整个词作为term，ID及字典很适合这样做
not_analyzed，是不做分词处理，如数字、时间，没有必要
3、上传文档
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/u001 -d'
{
"用户ID": "u001",
"姓名":"张三",
"性别":"男",
"年龄":"25",
"家庭住址":"北京市崇文区天朝大街001号",
"注册时间":"2015-01-01 08:30:00"
}'
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/u002 -d'
{
"用户ID": "u002",
"姓名":"李四",
"性别":"男",
"年龄":"25",
"家庭住址":"上海市闸北区魔都大街007号",
"注册时间":"2015-02-01 08:30:00"
}'
curl -XPUT http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/u003 -d'
{
"用户ID": "u003",
"姓名":"王五",
"性别":"男",
"年龄":"26",
"家庭住址":"广州市花都区花城大街010号",
"注册时间":"2015-03-01 08:30:00"
}'
4、文档是否存在
#判断id为u003的文档是否存在 curl -XHEAD http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/u003
5、获取文档
#获取id为u003的文档 curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/u003 #获取id为u003的文档的姓名及性别字段 http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/u003?_source=姓名,性别
6、查询文档
#查询文档，默认返回前10个
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search
#用参数进行查询
#年龄等于25的记录
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search?q=年龄:25
#姓名等于王五的记录
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search?q=姓名:王五
#姓名等于王五及年龄等于25的记录
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search?q=+姓名:王五+年龄:26
#查询年龄等于25的用户
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search -d'
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"年龄" : "25"
}
}
}'
#查询年龄大于25，男性用户
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search -d'
{
"query": {
"filtered": {
"filter": {
"range": {
"年龄": {
"gt": 25
}
}
},
"query": {
"match": {
"性别": "男"
}
}
}
}
}'
#查询家庭住址中，包含北京或上海的用户
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search -d'
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"家庭住址" : "北京 上海"
}
}
}'
#查询词组
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search -d'
{
"query" : {
"match_phrase" : {
"家庭住址" : "北京 崇文"
}
}
}
#按年龄分组聚合，并count
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search -d'
{
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": { "field": "年龄" }
}
}
}
#男性患者，按年龄分组聚合，并count
curl -XGET http://localhost:9200/myindex/user/_search -d'
{
"query": {
"match": {
"性别": "男"
}
},
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": {
"field": "年龄"
}
}
}
}
