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OpenStack搭建私有云05

本节开始安装Neutron服务,Neutron用于管理虚拟网络,在CT01和PC01分别进行相关模块的安装

一、在CT01安装相关模块
1、新建数据库

CREATE DATABASE neutron;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';

2、新建用户及endpoint

. admin-openrc
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
openstack role add --project serviceproject --user neutron admin
openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network

openstack endpoint create --region Region01 network public http://CT01:9696
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 network internal http://CT01:9696
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 network admin http://CT01:9696

3、安装

apt install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 neutron-linuxbridge-agent neutron-l3-agent neutron-dhcp-agent neutron-metadata-agent

4、修改配置
4.1、/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:neutron@CT01/neutron

[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
allow_overlapping_ips = true
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@CT01
auth_strategy = keystone
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://CT01:5000
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
memcached_servers = CT01:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = serviceproject
username = neutron
password = neutron

[nova]
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = Region01
project_name = serviceproject
username = nova
password = nova

4.2、/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
tenant_network_types = vxlan
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider

[ml2_type_vxlan]
vni_ranges = 1:1000

[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true

4.3、/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:enp0s8

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = 10.0.3.10
l2_population = true

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

4.4、/etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge

4.5、 /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

4.6、 /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
nova_metadata_ip = CT01
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = metadata

4.7、 /etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]
url = http://CT01:9696
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = Region01
project_name = serviceproject
username = neutron
password = neutron
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = metadata

5、填充数据库,并重启服务

sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron

sudo service nova-api restart
sudo service neutron-server restart
sudo service neutron-linuxbridge-agent restart
sudo service neutron-dhcp-agent restart
sudo service neutron-metadata-agent restart
sudo service neutron-l3-agent restart

二、在PC01安装相关模块
1、安装

apt install neutron-linuxbridge-agent

2、修改配置文件
2.1、/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[database]
#注释下面内容
#connection

[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@CT01
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://CT01:5000
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
memcached_servers = CT01:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = serviceproject
username = neutron
password = neutron

2.2、/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:enp0s8

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = 10.0.3.11
l2_population = true

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

2.3、/etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]
url = http://CT01:9696
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = Region01
project_name = serviceproject
username = neutron
password = neutron

3、重启服务

service nova-compute restart
service neutron-linuxbridge-agent restart

三、在CT01进行验证
1、验证

. admin-openrc
openstack extension list --network
openstack network agent list

OpenStack搭建私有云04

本节开始安装Nova服务,Nova用于管理虚拟计算,在CT01和PC01分别进行相关模块的安装。

一、首先在CT01,安装相关模块

1、新建数据库

CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
CREATE DATABASE nova;
CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';

2、新建用户及endpoint

. admin-openrc
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
openstack role add --project serviceproject --user nova admin
openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute

openstack endpoint create --region Region01 compute public http://CT01:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 compute internal http://CT01:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 compute admin http://CT01:8774/v2.1

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement
openstack role add --project serviceproject --user placement admin
openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement

openstack endpoint create --region Region01 placement public http://CT01:8778
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 placement internal http://CT01:8778
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 placement admin http://CT01:8778

3、安装nova

apt install nova-api nova-conductor nova-consoleauth nova-novncproxy nova-scheduler nova-placement-api

4、修改配置文件
/etc/nova/nova.conf

[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@CT01/nova_api

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@CT01/nova

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://CT01:5000
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
memcached_servers = CT01:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = serviceproject
username = nova
password = nova

[vnc]
enabled = true
vncserver_listen = $my_ip
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

[glance]
api_servers = http://CT01:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
os_region_name = Region01
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = serviceproject
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://CT01:35357/v3
username = placement
password = placement

[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@CT01
my_ip = 10.0.3.10
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
#移除下面的节点
#log_dir 

5、初始化

sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
sudo nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells

6、重启服务

sudo service nova-api restart
sudo service nova-consoleauth restart
sudo service nova-scheduler restart
sudo service nova-conductor restart
sudo service nova-novncproxy restart

二、然后在PC01,安装相关模块
1、安装

apt install nova-compute
apt install nova-compute-qemu

2、修改配置
2.1、 /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@CT01
my_ip = 10.0.3.11
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
#log_dir

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://CT01:5000
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
memcached_servers = CT01:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = serviceproject
username = nova
password = nova

[vnc]
enabled = True
vncserver_listen = 0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://CT01:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]
api_servers = http://CT01:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
os_region_name = Region01
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = serviceproject
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://CT01:35357/v3
username = placement
password = placement

2.2、 /etc/nova/nova-compute.conf

[libvirt]
#egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
#如果命令等于0,要改为qemu
virt_type = qemu

3、重启服务

service nova-compute restart

三、然后在CT01,进行相关操作
1、将PC01加入管理
1A、执行命令

. admin-openrc
openstack hypervisor list
sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
[code]

1B、修改配置文件
/etc/nova/nova.conf
[code lang="shell"]
[scheduler]
discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300

2、验证安装

. admin-openrc
openstack compute service list
openstack catalog list
openstack image list

OpenStack搭建私有云03

本节开始安装Glance服务,Glance用于管理虚拟镜像,仅在CT01进行操作

1、新建数据库

CREATE DATABASE glance CHARACTER SET utf8;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';

2、新建OS用户及endpoint

. admin-openrc

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
openstack role add --project serviceproject --user glance admin
openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image

openstack endpoint create --region Region01 image public http://CT01:9292
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 image internal http://CT01:9292
openstack endpoint create --region Region01 image admin http://CT01:9292

3、安装glance

apt install glance

4、修改配置文件
4.1、/etc/glance/glance-api.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@CT01/glance

[keystone_authtoken]
#注释掉其他内容
auth_uri = http://CT01:5000
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
memcached_servers = CT01:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = serviceproject
username = glance
password = glance

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

[glance_store]
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

4.2、/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:glance@CT01/glance

[keystone_authtoken]
#注释掉其他内容
auth_uri = http://CT01:5000
auth_url = http://CT01:35357
memcached_servers = CT01:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = serviceproject
username = glance
password = glance

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

5、填充数据库,并重启服务

sudo su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

service glance-registry restart
service glance-api restart

6、下载系统镜像,并上传

. admin-openrc

wget -O cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.5/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img

openstack image create "cirros" --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public

openstack image list

OpenStack搭建私有云02

本节开始安装Keystone服务,Keystone用于管理OS内的全部权限,仅在CT01进行操作

1、安装mysql及pymysql

#安装mysql
apt-get install mysql-server

#修改配置文件
vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf
#添加下面内容
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
 
#重启mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql restart

#安装pymysql 
pip install pymysql 

2、安装rabbitmq

#安装
apt install rabbitmq-server

#并设置权限
rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

3、安装memcached

#安装
apt install memcached python-memcache

#修改配置文件
vi /etc/memcached.conf
-l CT01

#重启服务
service memcached restart

4、创建Keystone库

CREATE DATABASE keystone CHARACTER SET utf8;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';

5、安装Keysotne

apt install keystone

6、修改Keysotne配置文件
/etc/keystone/keystone.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:keystone@CT01/keystone
[token]
provider = fernet

7、初始化

#填充数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

#初始化
keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password bootstrap --bootstrap-admin-url http://CT01:35357/v3/ --bootstrap-internal-url http://CT01:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-public-url http://CT01:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-region-id Region01

#删除不需要的库
rm -f /var/lib/keystone/keystone.db

#进行配置
keystone-install-configure

8、运行下面的命令

export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=bootstrap
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://CT01:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

9、创建project、用户及角色

openstack project create --domain default --description "service os project" serviceproject
openstack project create --domain default --description "user os project" userproject

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt user01
openstack role create user
openstack role add --project userproject --user user01 user

10、禁用部分授权
/etc/keystone/keystone-paste.ini

#删掉下面节点中admin_token_auth的内容
[pipeline:public_api],[pipeline:admin_api],[pipeline:api_v3] 

11、验证安装

unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
openstack --os-auth-url http://CT01:35357/v3 --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue
openstack --os-auth-url http://CT01:5000/v3 --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default --os-project-name userproject --os-username user01 token issue

12、编写两个授权脚本
12.1、admin-openrc

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=bootstrap
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://CT01:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

12.2、user01-openrc

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=userproject
export OS_USERNAME=user01
export OS_PASSWORD=user01
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://CT01:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

12.3、验证

. admin-openrc
openstack token issue

. user01-openrc
openstack token issue

OpenStack搭建私有云01

1、常用模块介绍

openstackclient 客户端
keystone Identity 权限管理
glance 镜像管理
nova 虚拟计算
placement 资源跟踪
neutron 虚拟网络
cinder 块存储
swift 对象存储

2、主机资源规划
一共使用了五台虚拟机,一台主控,一台做云计算(需打开虚拟化支持),一台做云存储,两台做对象存储
每台虚拟机都有两块网卡,一块为HostOnly用于内部通讯,一块为NAT,用于软件安装

HostName HostOnly IP NAT IP
CT01 10.0.3.10 172.16.172.70
PC01 10.0.3.11 172.16.172.71
BS01 10.0.3.12 172.16.172.72
OS01 10.0.3.13 172.16.172.73
OS02 10.0.3.14 172.16.172.74

3、IP及Hostname设置
以主控为例,每一个节点都要设置
/etc/hostname

CT01

/etc/hosts

10.0.3.10   CT01
10.0.3.11   PC01
10.0.3.12   BS01
10.0.3.13   OS01
10.0.3.14   OS02

/etc/network/interfaces

#hostonly
auto enp0s3
iface enp0s3 inet static
address 10.0.3.10
netmask 255.255.255.0

#nat
auto enp0s8
iface enp0s8 inet static
address 172.16.172.70
netmask 255.255.0.0
dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8
dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114

4、系统升级
每一个节点都要执行

apt install software-properties-common
add-apt-repository cloud-archive:ocata
apt update
apt dist-upgrade

5、时间同步
5.1、主控节点

#安装chrony
apt install chrony

#编辑配置文件,修改下面几行
vi /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
server 52.187.51.163 iburst
allow 10.0.3.0/24
allow 172.16.172.0/24

#重启服务,并同步时间
service chrony restart
chronyc sources

5.2、其他节点

#安装chrony
apt install chrony

#编辑配置文件,修改下面几行
vi /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
server CT01 iburst

#重启服务,并同步时间
service chrony restart
chronyc sources

6、安装python-openstackclient
每一个节点都要执行

apt install python-openstackclient

Bootcamp5.1不支持iPhone耳机

我有两台MBP(13寸,Early 2011)。

在MAC下耳机一切正常,但在Win7 x64+Bootcamp 5.1.5621下,iPhone耳机不能正常工作。

借了几个耳机,测试了一下:

MBP OS 扬声器 iPhone 5S耳机 iPhone 6耳机 三星s6耳机 小米2s耳机
Early 2011 Mac OS 10.10最新版 良好 良好 良好 良好 良好
Early 2011 Windows7 x64最新版Bootcamp 5.1.5621 良好 两个声道都有声音,但声音很烂,按下中间的按钮声音正常。麦克风正常。 两个声道都有声音,但声音很烂,按下中间的按钮声音正常。麦克风正常。 良好 良好

电话苹果客户,客服直接把责任推给微软,向我投诉微软不支持苹果耳机。
拜托,驱动是你苹果提供的好伐,有点儿专业精神可以不?
国内和美国的apple技术网站都寻求帮助了,全部无解。
https://discussionschinese.apple.com/thread/64218?start=0&tstart=0
https://discussions.apple.com/thread/7192652?start=0&tstart=0

上面都是2015年的事情了。

今天看到了一个资料,基本上知道问题出在哪里了,但还是有不解的地方,准备到官网上问一下,但“账号已到期”是什么鬼,所以先补出这篇博客吧。

原因很简单,国内现行的手机耳机接口标准有两个,一个是OMTP,一个是CTIA。
国家标准(OMTP)的3.5毫米接口:插针接法是左声道-右声道-麦克风-地线
国际标准(CTIA)的3.5毫米接口:插针接法是左声道-右声道-地线-麦克风

明显的新版iphone耳机和MBP Early 2011+Bootcamp5.1在适配时,采用了不同的调整,出现了问题,导致在种组合中,iphone耳机只有在按下中间的按钮时,才能听清耳机的声音。

由于只有在国内才有这种情况,而MBP 2011 Early在国内销量也不是特别高,而且在国内MBP 2011 Early安装win7 64+Bootcamp 5.1.5621组合的人又少,上报bug的人更是不多,所以问题就被忽视掉了。

存疑:
为什么三星、小米、苹果三种手机的耳机可以相互支持,MBP 2011 Early+win7 64+Bootcamp 5.1.5621可以支持三星、小米,但唯独不支持苹果耳机呢?
首先,苹果耳机的标准,与三星、小米耳机是不一样的
第二,Bootcamp 5.1.5621与三星、小米耳机是一样的
第三,Bootcamp 5.1.5621的驱动,对苹果耳机没有做正确的处理,或者干脆没做处理
第四,各大厂家的耳机接口,对耳机制式有一定的适配功能,可以自动识别?

Selenium入门04

接上一节,说一下Grid的用法

1、启动hub

set JAVA_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\Java\JDK\jdk_x86_1.8.0_77
set PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%PATH%;C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\;
set webdriver.gecko.driver=C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\geckodriver.exe

java -jar ../lib/selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar -role hub -hubConfig hubConfig.json -debug true

pause

hubConfig.json

{
  "port": 4444,
  "newSessionWaitTimeout": -1,
  "servlets" : [],
  "withoutServlets": [],
  "custom": {},
  "capabilityMatcher": "org.openqa.grid.internal.utils.DefaultCapabilityMatcher",
  "throwOnCapabilityNotPresent": true,
  "cleanUpCycle": 5000,
  "role": "hub",
  "debug": false,
  "browserTimeout": 0,
  "timeout": 1800
}

2、启动node

set JAVA_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\Java\JDK\jdk_x86_1.8.0_77
set PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%PATH%;C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\;
set webdriver.gecko.driver=C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\geckodriver.exe

java -jar ../lib/selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar -role node -nodeConfig node01Config.json -debug true

pause

node01Config.json

{
 "capabilities":
  [
    {
      "browserName": "firefox",
      "maxInstances": 5,
      "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
    }
  ],
  "proxy": "org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy",
  "maxSession": 5,
  "port": 5555,
  "register": true,
  "registerCycle": 5000,
  "hub": "http://192.168.130.178:4444",
  "nodeStatusCheckTimeout": 5000,
  "nodePolling": 5000,
  "role": "node",
  "unregisterIfStillDownAfter": 60000,
  "downPollingLimit": 2,
  "debug": false,
  "servlets" : [],
  "withoutServlets": [],
  "custom": {}
}

3、可以在hub中看到注册情况
http://localhost:4444/grid/console
这个地方一定要注意,每个node上的浏览器及操作系统信息,向hub发送指令时,必须符合该信息

4、运行脚本
TestHelloWorldHub.py

# !C:\Languages\Python\Python27\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2016-10-22
@author: Hansen
HelloWorld sample for NeoSelenium
'''

from NeoSelenium import initEngine
from NeoSelenium import deInitEngine
from NeoSelenium import initEngineHub

#一个简单的查询测试
def neohope_search_test():
    try:
        #myEngine = initEngine('ie32')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ie64')
        #myEngine = initEngine('chrome')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ff32')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ff64')
        #myEngine = initEngineRemote()
	myEngine = initEngineHub()

        base_url = "https://www.neohope.com"
        myEngine.get(base_url + "/")
        myEngine.find_element_by_name("s").clear()
        myEngine.find_element_by_name("s").send_keys("Metabase")
        myEngine.find_element_by_css_selector("button.search-submit").click()
        myEngine.implicitly_wait(1000)
        #print(myEngine.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@id='content']/article"))
        queryResultLenght = len(myEngine.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@id='content']/article"))
        #print(queryResultLenght)
        #应该是1但现在是10
        assert queryResultLenght==1
    finally:
        #deInitEngine(myEngine)
        print("test end")

#start here
neohope_search_test()

NeoSelenium.py

#!C:\Languages\Python\Python27\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2017-04-07
@author: Hansen
NeoSelenium
'''

import os
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

NPath = None
x86Path = "C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\\trunk\\bin\\x86;"
x64Path = "C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\\trunk\\bin\\x64;"

'''
selenium remote engine init
'''
def initEngineRemote():
    engine = webdriver.Remote(command_executor="http://192.168.130.178:4444/wd/hub", desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
    return engine

'''
selenium remote engine init
'''
def initEngineHub():
    engine = webdriver.Remote(command_executor="http://192.168.130.178:5555/wd/hub", desired_capabilities={
        "browserName": "firefox",
        "platform": "VISTA"
    })
    return engine   

'''
selenium engine deInit
'''
def deInitEngine(engine):
    engine.close()
    engine.quit()


Selenium入门03

接上一节,说一下如何进行远程测试

1、下载selenium-server-standalone的jar包
http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/

2、运行selenium-server-standalone

set JAVA_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\Java\JDK\jdk_x86_1.8.0_77
set PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%PATH%;C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\;
set webdriver.gecko.driver=C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\geckodriver.exe

java -jar ../lib/selenium-server-standalone-3.3.1.jar -role standalone

pause

3、远程测试脚本
TestHelloWorldRemote.py

# !C:\Languages\Python\Python27\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2016-10-22
@author: Hansen
HelloWorld sample for NeoSelenium
'''

from NeoSelenium import deInitEngine
from NeoSelenium import initEngineRemote

#一个简单的查询测试
def neohope_search_test():
    try:
        #myEngine = initEngine('ie32')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ie64')
        #myEngine = initEngine('chrome')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ff32')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ff64')
	myEngine = initEngineRemote()

        base_url = "https://www.neohope.com"
        myEngine.get(base_url + "/")
        myEngine.find_element_by_name("s").clear()
        myEngine.find_element_by_name("s").send_keys("Metabase")
        myEngine.find_element_by_css_selector("button.search-submit").click()
	myEngine.implicitly_wait(1000)
	#print(myEngine.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@id='content']/article"))
	queryResultLenght = len(myEngine.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@id='content']/article"))
	#print(queryResultLenght)
	#应该是1但现在是10
        assert queryResultLenght==1
    finally:
        #deInitEngine(myEngine)
	print("test end")

#start here
neohope_search_test()

NeoSelenium.py

#!C:\Languages\Python\Python27\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2017-04-07
@author: Hansen
NeoSelenium
'''

import os
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

NPath = None
x86Path = "C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\\trunk\\bin\\x86;"
x64Path = "C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\\trunk\\bin\\x64;"

'''
selenium remote engine init
'''
def initEngineRemote():
    engine = webdriver.Remote(command_executor="http://192.168.130.178:4444/wd/hub", desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
    return engine

'''
selenium engine deInit
'''
def deInitEngine(engine):
    engine.close()
    engine.quit()

Selenium入门02

下面就说一下如何用Python进行自动化测试咯

1、安装语言包

pip install selenium

2、在selenium网站下载对应浏览器的driver
http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/

3、改一下我写的这个文件,将driver路径改成正确的路径
NeoSelenium.py

#!C:\Languages\Python\Python27\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2017-04-07
@author: Hansen
NeoSelenium
'''

import os
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

NPath = None
x86Path = "C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\\trunk\\bin\\x86;"
x64Path = "C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\\trunk\\bin\\x64;"

def initIE32():
    global x86Path
    global NPath
    os.environ["PATH"] = x86Path+NPath
    #print(os.environ["PATH"])
    engine = webdriver.Ie()
    return engine

def initIE64():
    global x64Path
    global NPath
    os.environ["PATH"] = x64Path+NPath
    #print(os.environ["PATH"])
    engine = webdriver.Ie()
    return engine

def initChrome32():
    global x86Path
    global NPath
    os.environ["PATH"] = x86Path+NPath
    engine = webdriver.Chrome()
    return engine

def initFirfox32():
    global x86Path
    global NPath
    os.environ["PATH"] = x86Path+NPath
    #print(os.environ["PATH"])
    engine = webdriver.Firefox()
    return engine

def initFirfox64():
    global x64Path
    global NPath
    os.environ["PATH"] = x64Path+NPath
    #print(os.environ["PATH"])
    engine = webdriver.Firefox()
    return engine

'''
selenium engine init
'''
def initEngine(engineType):
    global NPath
    if(NPath is None):
        NPath = os.environ["PATH"]
    if(cmp('IE32',engineType.upper())==0):
        return initIE32()
    elif(cmp('IE64',engineType.upper())==0):
        return initIE64()
    elif(cmp('CHROME',engineType.upper())==0 or cmp('CHROME32',engineType.upper())==0):
        return initChrome32()
    elif(cmp('FIREFOX',engineType.upper()) or cmp('FIREFOX32',engineType.upper()) or cmp('FF',engineType.upper())==0 or cmp('FF32',engineType.upper())==0):
        return initFirfox32()
    elif(cmp('FIREFOX64',engineType.upper()) or cmp('FF64',engineType.upper())==0):
        return initFirfox64()
    else:
        print("engin type: "+engineType.upper()+" not supported!")
        return None

'''
selenium remote engine init
'''
def initEngineRemote():
    engine = webdriver.Remote(command_executor="http://localhost:4444/wd/hub", desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
    return engine
    

'''
selenium engine deInit
'''
def deInitEngine(engine):
    engine.close()
    engine.quit()

4、第一个自动化测试脚本
TestHelloWorld.py

# !C:\Languages\Python\Python27\python.exe
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2016-10-22
@author: Hansen
HelloWorld sample for NeoSelenium
'''

from NeoSelenium import initEngine
from NeoSelenium import deInitEngine

#一个简单的查询测试
def neohope_search_test():
    try:
        #myEngine = initEngine('ie32')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ie64')
        #myEngine = initEngine('chrome')
        myEngine = initEngine('ff32')
        #myEngine = initEngine('ff64')

        base_url = "https://www.neohope.com"
        myEngine.get(base_url + "/")
        myEngine.find_element_by_name("s").clear()
        myEngine.find_element_by_name("s").send_keys("Metabase")
        myEngine.find_element_by_css_selector("button.search-submit").click()
	myEngine.implicitly_wait(1000)
	#print(myEngine.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@id='content']/article"))
	queryResultLenght = len(myEngine.find_elements_by_xpath("//div[@id='content']/article"))
	#print(queryResultLenght)
	#应该是1但现在是10
        assert queryResultLenght==1
    finally:
        #deInitEngine(myEngine)
	print("test end")

#start here
neohope_search_test()

5、运行脚本

PS:
IE驱动抛出异常解决方案

"Unexpected error launching Internet Explorer. Protected Mode settings are not the same for all zones. Enable Protected Mode must be set to the same value (enabled or disabled) for all zones."

解决方法:

     
打开IE->Internet options->Security->Enable Protected Mode
这个框,在四个域下面要是一致的(要么都勾上,要么都不勾上)

Selenium入门01

1、常用模块介绍

Selenium IDE 是一个FF插件,用于录制测试用例并重新运行。可以保持为html脚本,也可以导出为各种语言的单元测试
Selenium Html Runner 可以直接运行Selenium IDE导出的html脚本
Selenium Standalone Server 有三种运行模式(standalone、hub、node),后两种用于grid
Selenium Remote Control Selenium RC, Selenium1采用代理网站及JS注入的方式,达到操控网页的目的,在Selenium3已经取消支持
Browser Drivers Selenium2为在不修改网页的情况下,达到操控网页的无敌,利用了各种浏览器的API,达到操控浏览器的目的
Remote Web Drivers 远程运行测试(与Selenium Standalone Server或Selenium Standalone Hub进行交互时使用)
Selenium GRID 用于同时对多个操作系统的多种浏览器进行自动化测试(包括一个HUB,和多个NODE)
Language Binding 各种开发语言包

2、Selenium IDE
2.1、FF下载插件并重启
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/
2.2、录制插件

用FF打开你要测试的网站
打开Selenium IDE
Tools->Selenium IDE
输入BaseURL,点击右侧小红点儿,开始录制
在页面上进行操作(最好不要切换页面)

2.3、保存TestSuit及TestCase

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
  <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="content-type" />
  <title>Test Suite</title>
</head>
<body>
<table id="suiteTable" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="1" class="selenium"><tbody>
<tr><td><b>Test Suite</b></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="neohope.case.search.html">neohope_search_testcase001</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</body>
</html>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head profile="http://selenium-ide.openqa.org/profiles/test-case">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<link rel="selenium.base" href="https://www.neohope.com/" />
<title>neohope_search_testcase001</title>
</head>
<body>
<table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="1">
<thead>
<tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="3">neohope_search_testcase001</td></tr>
</thead><tbody>
<tr>
	<td>open</td>
	<td>/</td>
	<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
	<td>type</td>
	<td>name=s</td>
	<td>Metabase</td>
</tr>
<tr>
	<td>clickAndWait</td>
	<td>css=button.search-submit</td>
	<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
	<td>assertXpathCount</td>
	<td>//article</td>
	<td>1</td>
</tr>

</tbody></table>
</body>
</html>

2.4、导出python脚本
Selenium IDE->File->Export Test Case As…->Python2/WebDriver

3、用selenium-html-runner运行
3.1、下载并配置jdk
3.2、下载selenium-html-runner-3.0.1.jar
3.3、在selenium网站下载对应浏览器的driver
http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/
3.4、运行

set JAVA_HOME=C:\NeoLanguages\Java\JDK\jdk_x86_1.8.0_77
set PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%PATH%;C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\;
set webdriver.gecko.driver=C:\NeoTest\TestSelenium\trunk\bin\x86\geckodriver.exe

java -jar ../lib/selenium-html-runner-3.0.1.jar -htmlSuite *firefox "https://www.neohope.com/" "../testcases/neohope.suit" "../testcases/neohope.result"
PAUSE